Biotin (B Vitamin)
Vitamin H - biotin - is required for

Vitamin H is used in cell growth, the production of fatty acids,
metabolism of fats, and proteins. It plays a role in the Kreb cycle, which
is the process in which energy is released from food.

Biotin is also indicated for healthy hair and skin, healthy sweat glands,
nerve tissue, and bone marrow, and assisting with muscle pain.

Vitamin H not only assists in various metabolic chemical conversions,
but also helps with the transfer of carbon dioxide. Biotin is also helpful in
maintaining a steady blood sugar level.

Biotin deficiency rarely, if ever, occurs in healthy individuals who
consume a regular diet unless they are being treated either with certain
anticonvulsants or with broad-spectrum antibiotics. The extremely low
prevalence of biotin deficiency is probably the result of a combination of
factors. First, the daily requirement for biotin is low at approximately
150-300 mg/d.
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Second, significant quantities of biotin are found in almost all foods, and many widely consumed foods are relatively rich in biotin.
Third, the intestinal flora synthesizes significant quantities of biotin, and at least a portion of that biotin is believed to be absorbed
into the bloodstream. Fourth, a significant fraction of the body's biotin is recycled; that is, a given molecule of biotin may be used
repeatedly before it is eventually lost from the body in the feces or urine.

You get biotin in your diet when you eat plant or animal foods that contain protein-bound biotin. Good sources of biotin are liver,
brewer’s yeast, grapefruit, strawberries, milk, bananas, watermelon and peanuts. Biotin is usually absorbed from the upper part
of the small intestine, but small amounts may be absorbed from the lower small intestine since “friendly” bacteria have the ability
to make biotin

Typically, individuals with biotin deficiency are healthy before the onset of the biotin-deficient state. Growth and stature are
normal. Regardless of the etiology of biotin deficiency, clinical manifestations are essentially the same in all patients; however, the
rate of symptom development and sequence in which symptoms appear can differ remarkably. Physical manifestations are
confined to the skin and hair, central and peripheral nervous systems, and intestinal tract.

Skin and hair: The first signs to develop in biotin deficiency are associated with the skin and hair. Dry skin is a consistent finding
and is often associated with seborrheic dermatitis, which can be severe. The skin lesions provide an ideal environment for fungal
infections that may be resistant to treatment until the biotin-deficient state is reversed. An erythematous periorofacial macular
rash is a frequent finding. The hair quickly becomes fine and brittle, and total alopecia often develops.
Central and peripheral nervous systems: The neurologic signs are multiple and nonspecific. They include mild depression, which
may progress to profound lassitude, and eventually, somnolence. Occasionally, changes in mental status are observed.
Generalized muscular pains (myalgias), hyperesthesias, and paresthesias are frequent findings that occasionally become
disabling.
Intestinal tract: Nausea, occasionally severe, is an occasional finding, as is anorexia. These problems are rarely severe enough
to significantly interfere with the adequate oral intake of food.

No known toxic levels are known, as excesses are easily lost in the urine and feces. No known side effects are known
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