Dandelion:
The dandelion is a perennial, herbaceous plant with long,
lance-shaped leaves. They're so deeply toothed, they gave the
plant its name in Old French: Dent-de-lion means lion's tooth in
Old French.
Closely related to chicory, dandelion is a common plant
worldwide and the bane of those looking for the perfect lawn.
The plant grows to a height of about 12 inches, producing
spatula-like leaves and yellow flowers that bloom year-round.
Upon maturation, the flower turns into the characteristic puffball
containing seeds that are dispersed in the wind. Dandelion is
grown commercially in the United States and Europe. The
leaves and root are used in herbal supplements.
Historical or traditional use (may or may not be supported by
scientific studies): Dandelion is commonly used as a food. The
leaves are used in salads and teas, while the roots are often
used as a coffee substitute. Dandelion leaves and roots have
been used for hundreds of years to treat liver, gallbladder,
kidney, and joint problems. In some traditions, dandelion is
considered a blood purifier and is used for ailments as varied as
eczema and cancer. As is the case today, dandelion has also
been used historically to treat poor digestion, water retention,
and diseases of the liver, including hepatitis.
The principal constituents responsible for dandelion’s action on the digestive system and liver are the bitter principles.
Previously referred to as taraxacin, these constituents are sesquiterpene lactones of the eudesmanolide and germacranolide
type and are unique to dandelion. Dandelion is also a rich source of vitamins and minerals. The leaves have a high content of
vitamin A as well as moderate amounts of vitamin D, vitamin C, various B vitamins, iron, silicon, magnesium, zinc, and
manganese.
Animal studies show, at high doses (2 grams per kg of body weight), the leaves possess diuretic effects comparable to the
prescription diuretic furosemide (Lasix). Since clinical data in humans is sparse, people should seek the guidance of a physician
trained in herbal medicine before using dandelion leaves for water retention.
The bitter compounds in the leaves and root help stimulate digestion and are mild laxatives. These bitter principles also
increase bile production in the gallbladder and bile flow from the liver. For this reason dandelion is recommended by some
herbalists for persons with sluggish liver function due to alcohol abuse or poor diet. The increase in bile flow may help improve
fat (including cholesterol) metabolism in the body.
As a general liver/gallbladder tonic and to stimulate digestion, you can take 3–5 grams of the dried root or 5–10 ml of a tincture
made from the root can be used three times per day. Some experts recommend the alcohol-based tincture because the bitter
principles are more soluble in alcohol.
As a mild diuretic or appetite stimulant, 4–10 grams of dried leaves can be added to a 250 ml (1 cup) of boiling water and drunk
as a decoction;8 or 5–10 ml of fresh juice from the leaves or 2–5 ml of tincture made from the leaves can be used, three times
per day.
Dandelion leaf and root should be used with caution by persons with gallstones. Persons with an obstruction of the bile ducts
should avoid dandelion altogether. In cases of stomach ulcer or gastritis, dandelion should be used cautiously, as it may cause
overproduction of stomach acid. Those experiencing fluid or water retention should consult a nutritionally oriented doctor before
taking dandelion leaves. The milky latex in the stem and leaves of fresh dandelion may cause an allergic rash in some
individuals.
Certain medications interact in a positive and/or negative way with dandelion. Check with your doctor.
From its thick tap root, dark brown, almost black on the outside though white and milky within, the long jagged leaves rise
directly, radiating from it to form a rosette Iying close upon the ground, each leaf being grooved and constructed so that all the
rain falling on it is conducted straight to the centre of the rosette and thus to the root which is, therefore, always kept well
watered. The maximum amount of water is in this manner directed towards the proper region for utilization by the root, which
but for this arrangement would not obtain sufficient moisture, the leaves being spread too close to the ground for the water to
penetrate.
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